Some of America’s biggest technology companies are pushing Washington to make open artificial intelligence a national priority as China continues to build its lead in the space.
Their message exposes a gap in U.S. policy: America has a chip strategy for AI. Now it needs an open-model strategy.
Supporters say open models can lower costs, keep sensitive data inside a company’s own systems and prevent businesses from becoming dependent on a handful of AI providers. The models can also give more researchers and security teams the ability to inspect powerful models and find weaknesses.
Unlike ChatGPT or Claude, which customers access through services controlled by OpenAI and Anthropic, open-weight models can be downloaded, customized and run on a company’s own computers. That can make them cheaper and give users more control over their data and technology.
Last week, a coalition led by Nvidia published an open letter arguing that America’s AI leadership will depend on building a strong open ecosystem. Microsoft, Meta and other major technology companies signed it. OpenAI and Google later added their support.
A striking cybersecurity incident days earlier showed why the issue matters.
During an internal test, OpenAI models found a way out of a restricted environment and compromised systems at the AI platform Hugging Face. When Hugging Face tried to investigate, safety controls on closed commercial models blocked them from analyzing the attack. The company instead used an open Chinese model that it could run on its own infrastructure.
A closed American model caused the incident. A Chinese open model helped investigate it.
That episode complicates the argument that closed AI is always safer.
America has restricted China’s access to advanced chips, spent billions to onshore semiconductor manufacturing and encouraged a massive buildout of data centers and power. Meanwhile, Chinese labs like Zhipu and Moonshot AI have released capable open models at a fraction of the cost of leading American systems.
The Trump administration is now reportedly considering restrictions on Chinese models. But a ban would not stop those models from spreading around the world. It could simply leave American developers on the sidelines.
China has a clear incentive to push open-weight AI. Every improvement makes powerful models cheaper and weakens the advantage of American companies that charge a premium for access to closed systems.
OpenAI and Anthropic have the opposite incentive. Their businesses depend on keeping their best models proprietary. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei has also warned that models anyone can download are harder to monitor and could be modified by bad actors.
Those security concerns are real, but so is the risk of allowing China to become the foundation on which the rest of the world builds.
The way to win an open-source race is by out-building, not with a ban.
The U.S. could support open AI the way it supported chips, by giving universities and startups access to computing power, awarding government contracts to American open-model developers and funding the security tools needed to run those models safely.
Companies are already asking for alternatives, and open models can lower costs and let businesses keep sensitive data inside their own systems.
“The data that these companies have is really their strategic asset,” said Vipul Ved Prakash, CEO of AI platform Together AI. By sending it to the maker of a powerful closed model, he said, a company risks giving away its “business’ recipe.”
Adoption is moving quickly. During the last week of June, Chinese models accounted for 48% of traffic tracked by OpenRouter, up from 20% a year earlier. U.S. models fell to 32% from 74%.
The future of AI may not be decided by who builds the smartest single model. It may be decided by who builds the models that everyone else runs on.
Right now, that is increasingly China.
