The national capital is facing a sharp rise in hypertension cases, driven by lifestyle factors and environmental stressors. According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5, 2019–21), the prevalence of hypertension in Delhi has reached 28 per cent—32.8 per cent in men and 24.1 per cent in women. Experts attribute the rise to sedentary routines, poor dietary habits, obesity, alcohol consumption, chronic stress, and worsening air pollution.
Research shows that for every 10 μg/m³ increase in PM2.5 levels, hypertension prevalence rises by 5.2 per cent, highlighting the impact of Delhi’s air quality on public health.
Often referred to as the “silent killer,” hypertension is a major risk factor for heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure. However, experts say the condition is preventable—and in some cases, reversible—through timely intervention and sustainable lifestyle changes.
Dr. Zeeshan Ali, a nutrition expert with the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine (PCRM), emphasises the role of plant-based diets in managing blood pressure. “Hypertension doesn’t have to be a permanent part of life,” he says. “Local, plant-rich diets built around lentils, beans, amaranth greens, drumstick leaves, ridge gourd, and fenugreek can significantly reduce blood pressure. Patients often report better sleep, increased energy, and overall health improvements.”
He advises cutting down on salt and oil, replacing them with traditional spices like turmeric, cumin, coriander, and curry leaves to retain flavour without compromising heart health. Dr. Ali also recommends enhancing staple Delhi dishes like rajma chawal and chana masala with extra greens and legumes for better fibre and potassium intake.
Globally, hypertension affects 1 in 4 men and 1 in 5 women. In India, more than 90 per cent of adults with hypertension remain undiagnosed or inadequately treated.
Beyond dietary shifts, regular exercise, stress management, and routine blood pressure monitoring are essential. Public awareness, early detection, and preventive care must become priorities in Delhi’s healthcare agenda.
As the capital grapples with a growing burden of noncommunicable diseases, experts call for a stronger focus on food as medicine and healthier living as the frontline defence.
