The White House has accused China of orchestrating industrial-scale theft of US artificial intelligence intellectual property, a charge that threatens to strain relations ahead of a crucial summit between the two nations’ leaders next month.
Michael Kratsios, director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, detailed the allegations in a memo shared on social media.
“The US government has information indicating that foreign entities, principally based in China, are engaged in deliberate, industrial-scale campaigns to distil US frontier AI systems,” he stated.
Kratsios further elaborated on the methods, claiming, “Leveraging tens of thousands of proxy accounts to evade detection and using jailbreaking techniques to expose proprietary information, these coordinated campaigns systematically extract capabilities from American AI models, exploiting American expertise and innovation.”
The Chinese Embassy in Washington swiftly rejected the claims, calling them “baseless allegations” and asserting that Beijing “attaches great importance to the protection of intellectual property rights.”
This memo emerges just weeks before President Donald Trump is scheduled to meet Chinese President Xi Jinping in Beijing, threatening to reignite a long-running tech war between the rival superpowers, which had seen a period of detente since last October.
The accusations also cast doubt on the future of Nvidia’s powerful AI chip shipments to China. While the Trump administration approved these sales with conditions in January, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick indicated on Wednesday that no shipments have yet occurred.
The alleged “distillation” process involves training smaller AI models using the output of larger ones to reduce the costs associated with developing new AI tools.
The White House memo, addressed to various government agencies, pledges to share intelligence with American AI companies regarding these distillation efforts and to “explore a range of measures to hold foreign actors accountable” for the campaigns.
