From February 25, 2026, the United Kingdom has implemented sweeping changes to its border entry system that are complicating travel for British citizens with dual nationality, including those living in the United Arab Emirates and other parts of the world. The latest phase of the UK’s digital border transformation centres on the Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) scheme and new documentation requirements for dual nationals returning to the UK, prompting confusion, travel delays, and urgent last-minute passport rushes among travellers.Under the updated rules, all visitors who previously could enter the UK without a visa, including nationals from countries like the US, Canada, Australia and members of the EU, must now obtain an ETA in advance before arrival. However, for British dual nationals, the implications extend beyond the ETA system itself: they must now prove their entitlement to enter the UK with very specific documents or risk being denied boarding by airlines before departure.
What’s changed for dual British citizens
Historically, many British dual nationals for example, those who hold both British and UAE citizenship or other foreign passports, could simply use their non-British passport to travel without special permits and then rely on their right of abode at the border. However, that arrangement is no longer valid under the new procedures:
- British dual nationals can no longer enter the UK using only their foreign passport.
- Instead, they must present either a valid British passport or a Certificate of Entitlement to the Right of Abode in order to board a flight, ferry or train bound for the UK.
- Without one of these documents, carriers are legally obliged to refuse boarding even before travellers reach UK immigration checkpoints.
The Certificate of Entitlement, which attaches to a foreign passport to demonstrate a person’s right to enter the UK as a citizen, can cost around £589, a steep price compared with the relatively inexpensive British passport application (around £94.50). Critics argue that these rules effectively treat British dual nationals as foreign travellers in their own country unless they hold the correct documentation, a situation that some say is discriminatory and poorly communicated by authorities.
How digital permissions are shaping border control in UK
The backbone of the new system is the UK’s Electronic Travel Authorisation scheme, which functions somewhat like the USA’s ESTA or the EU’s upcoming ETIAS system:
- Non-visa-required visitors must obtain an ETA at least before departure and airlines are now required to check digital authorisation status before boarding.
- A confirmed ETA is digitally linked to a traveller’s passport and valid for multiple entries over a defined period, typically two years or until the passport expires.
- British and Irish citizens are exempt from needing an ETA but for dual nationals who attempt to travel using only their other nationality passport, there is no mechanism to obtain an ETA as a UK right of entry cannot be proven via that route.
The move to digital border permissions is part of a broader UK strategy to modernise security and immigration screening, reduce queues at ports of entry and prevent unauthorised travel but the rapid implementation and lack of widespread traveller awareness have led to operational challenges for many dual nationals.
Impact on British dual nationals abroad, especially in the UAE
For British nationals who also hold another citizenship and reside overseas, including in the United Arab Emirates, where many British expats live, work and travel regularly, the changes have practical repercussions:
- People returning to the UK after long stays abroad may find themselves unable to board flights if they lack the correct passport documentation.
- Those who have never held a British passport, common among some children born abroad to British parents, must now apply, potentially facing long processing times and administrative hurdles.
- The Certificate of Entitlement, while an option, is costly and takes time to obtain, making last-minute travel plans difficult or impossible without proper preparation.
- Even some expired British passports may be accepted by airlines at their discretion but there is no guarantee and travellers could face refused boarding.
Social media and travel forums have been flooded with accounts from British dual citizens who only learned of the new requirements at the airport or while trying to book flights. Their experiences highlighted gaps in outreach and communication about the policy change. The rollout of these changes has drawn criticism from politicians, advocacy groups and travellers alike:The Liberal Democrats and other politicians have urged the UK government to delay or revise the rules, arguing that citizens should not face obstacles simply because they hold dual nationality. Some campaigners highlight deeply personal consequences, from families missing important life events to professionals facing travel disruption and argue that the new rules disproportionately disadvantage dual nationals without adequate transitional measures.Despite these objections, the UK Home Office insists that public awareness campaigns have been ongoing since 2023 and that the rules support greater border security and a more efficient, digital travel system. However, the quick enforcement with limited grace period has compounded frustrations.
What travellers to UK need to do now
If you hold British citizenship alongside another nationality and plan to travel to the UK from the UAE or elsewhere:
- Ensure you have a valid British passport before booking travel.
Consider applying for a Certificate of Entitlement if you cannot obtain a passport in time, but be aware of the cost and processing time. - Check carrier and airline requirements carefully, as no ETA workaround exists for dual nationals.
- Plan ahead as passport applications from abroad can take several weeks or months.
- Monitor official UK government guidance (GOV.UK) for updates on digital certificates and transitional arrangements.
From February 25, 2026, the UK fully enforced its Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) system for visa-exempt travellers, requiring digital clearance before departure. British dual nationals can no longer travel using only their non-British passport and must present a valid British passport or a costly Certificate of Entitlement to board flights to the UK. The rule change has sparked confusion, travel disruption and political debate, particularly among dual citizens abroad, including in the UAE. Travellers are urged to check documentation and prepare well in advance to avoid denied boarding or entry issues.
